simple-ifc/CLAUDE.md

# CLAUDE.md

This file provides guidance to Claude Code when working in this repository of IFC building model files.

## Overview

This repository contains IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) building models. IFC is an open standard (ISO 16739) for sharing building and infrastructure data. The repository uses standard tooling for:

- **Querying and editing** models with `ifcquery` / `ifcedit` / `ifcmcp`
- **Validation** against schema rules and IDS specifications
- **Continuous integration** — models are validated automatically on every commit
- **Branch-based workflows** — feature branches for model changes, `ifcmerge` for conflict resolution

## Preferred Tooling

### ifcmcp (preferred for interactive sessions)

The `ifcmcp` MCP server holds the IFC model in memory across tool calls — no file I/O between operations. It is always the first choice for multi-step queries and edits.

**Setup** (add to `.mcp.json`):

```json
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "ifc": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "python3",
      "args": ["-m", "ifcmcp"]
    }
  }
}
```

Or via CLI: `claude mcp add --transport stdio ifc -- python3 -m ifcmcp`

### ifcquery / ifcedit (CLI — useful for scripting)

```bash
python3 -m ifcquery <file> <subcommand> [args]
python3 -m ifcedit <subcommand> [args]
```

Each invocation reads/writes from disk. Use for scripting or when MCP is not available.

---

## MCP Tool Reference

### Session tools

- **`ifc_load(path)`** — Open an IFC file into memory. Must be called before any other tool.
- **`ifc_save(path="")`** — Write model to disk. Empty path overwrites the original file.
- **`ifc_reset()`** — Clear in-memory model without saving.

### Query tools (read-only)

- **`ifc_summary()`** — Schema version, entity counts, project name/description.
- **`ifc_tree()`** — Full spatial hierarchy: Project → Site → Building → Storeys → Spaces → Elements.
- **`ifc_info(element_id)`** — Deep inspection of any entity by step ID: attributes, property sets, resolved 4×4 placement matrix, type, material, container.
- **`ifc_select(query)`** — Filter elements by IFC class (e.g. `"IfcWall"`, `"IfcWindow"`). Returns `[{id, type, name}]`.
- **`ifc_relations(element_id, traverse="")`** — All relationships for an element. Use `traverse="up"` to walk the hierarchy up to IfcProject.
- **`ifc_clash(element_id, clearance=0, tolerance=0.002, scope="storey")`** — Geometric clash detection within the same storey (or wider scope).
- **`ifc_validate(express_rules=False)`** — Schema and constraint validation. Pass `express_rules=True` for full EXPRESS rule checking (slower). Returns `{"valid": bool, "issues": [...]}`.
- **`ifc_schedule(max_depth=None)`** — Work schedules with nested task trees and start/finish dates.
- **`ifc_cost(max_depth=None)`** — Cost schedules with nested cost item trees.
- **`ifc_schema(entity_type)`** — IFC class documentation for the loaded model's schema version.

### Edit discovery tools

- **`ifc_list(module="")`** — List all API modules, or functions within a module (e.g. `"sequence"`, `"root"`, `"geometry"`).
- **`ifc_docs(function_path)`** — Full parameter documentation for an API function (e.g. `"root.remove_product"`, `"sequence.add_task"`).

### Edit execution

- **`ifc_edit(function_path, params="{}")`** — Execute an `ifcopenshell.api` mutation. `params` is a JSON string. Returns `{"ok": true, "result": ...}` or `{"ok": false, "error": "..."}`. Does **not** auto-save.
- **`ifc_quantify(rule, selector="")`** — Run quantity take-off. Writes `IfcElementQuantity` psets to the in-memory model. Does **not** auto-save. Rules: `"IFC4QtoBaseQuantities"` or `"IFC4X3QtoBaseQuantities"`.

### Parameter coercion in `ifc_edit`

| Type | JSON value | Python result |
|---|---|---|
| `entity_instance` | `"42"` | Entity resolved from model by step ID |
| `list[entity_instance]` | `"5,6,7"` | List of resolved entities |
| `dict` | `'{"key": "val"}'` | Parsed JSON object |
| `bool` | `"true"` | `True` |
| `Optional[X]` | `"none"` | `None` |

---

## Standard Workflow

```
ifc_load("model.ifc")
ifc_summary()                          # understand what's in the model
ifc_tree()                             # see spatial hierarchy
ifc_validate(express_rules=True)       # check model health before editing

# Query elements of interest
ifc_select("IfcWall")
ifc_info(<id>)
ifc_relations(<id>)

# Discover available edits
ifc_list("sequence")
ifc_docs("sequence.add_task")

# Edit (multiple calls, all in-memory)
ifc_edit("...", '{"param": "value"}')

# Verify, then save
ifc_validate()
ifc_save()
```

---

## IFC Concepts

### Spatial Hierarchy

```
IfcProject
  └─ IfcSite
       └─ IfcBuilding
            ├─ IfcBuildingStorey "Ground Floor"
            │    ├─ IfcSpace "kitchen"  (aggregated via IfcRelAggregates)
            │    │    ├─ IfcWindow  (contained in space via IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure)
            │    │    └─ IfcDoor
            │    ├─ IfcWall  (contained directly in storey via IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure)
            │    │    └─ IfcOpeningElement  (via IfcRelVoidsElement)
            │    │         └─ IfcWindow  (via IfcRelFillsElement)
            │    ├─ IfcElementAssembly  (optional grouping of walls)
            │    │    └─ IfcWall  (parts, via IfcRelAggregates)
            │    ├─ IfcSlab, IfcFooting, ...
            └─ IfcBuildingStorey "First Floor"
                 └─ ...
```

**Important notes on containment:**
- Elements are contained in a spatial element (project, site, building, storey, or space) via `IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure` — windows and doors are not necessarily in a space; they may be contained directly in a storey or building
- Walls may appear directly in a storey (contained), or as parts of an `IfcElementAssembly` (aggregated) — both patterns are valid
- Windows/doors appear in two places simultaneously: spatially contained in a spatial element, and structurally filling an opening in a wall (via `IfcRelFillsElement`). Both relationships must be maintained when editing.

### Key Relationships

| Relationship | Meaning |
|---|---|
| `IfcRelAggregates` | Whole → parts (project → site, assembly → walls) |
| `IfcRelContainedInSpatialStructure` | Element belongs to a spatial container |
| `IfcRelVoidsElement` | Opening cuts through a wall/slab |
| `IfcRelFillsElement` | Window/door fills an opening |
| `IfcRelSpaceBoundary` | Element bounds a space (thermal/acoustic boundary) |
| `IfcRelDefinesByType` | Element instance → type |
| `IfcRelDefinesByProperties` | Element → property set |
| `IfcRelAssignsToProcess` | Element → construction task |
| `IfcRelSequence` | Task A finishes before task B starts |

---

## Common Editing Recipes

### Deleting a window or door

Windows and doors have multiple relationships that must all be cleaned up:

1. **Find the opening**: `ifc_relations(<window_id>)` → note `filled_void` → IfcOpeningElement ID
2. **Find space boundaries**: `ifc_relations(<window_id>)` → note any `IfcRelSpaceBoundary` IDs referencing this element
3. **Delete the window**: `ifc_edit("root.remove_product", '{"product": "<window_id>"}')`
4. **Delete the orphaned opening**: `ifc_edit("root.remove_product", '{"product": "<opening_id>"}')`

`root.remove_product` is a smart delete — removes the entity plus all its relationships (geometry, placement, properties, materials, containment, type assignments, space boundaries). The IfcOpeningElement must be removed separately.

**Verify no orphaned openings remain:**
```
ifc_relations(<wall_id>)     # → check children.openings for unfilled IfcOpeningElements
```

### Moving a window or door

```
ifc_edit("geometry.edit_object_placement", '{"product": "<window_id>", "matrix": [[...],[...],[...],[0,0,0,1]]}')
ifc_edit("geometry.edit_object_placement", '{"product": "<opening_id>", "matrix": [[...],[...],[...],[0,0,0,1]]}')
```

Always move the IfcOpeningElement to the same position as the window/door. Also check `IfcRelSpaceBoundary` entities — their geometry may need updating if the window moves between spaces or changes boundary.

### Changing element types

```
ifc_select("IfcWindowType")            # list available types
ifc_edit("type.assign_type", '{"related_objects": "<window_id>", "relating_type": "<type_id>"}')
```

Type assignment also remaps geometry representations from the type to the occurrence.

### Editing attributes on any entity

`attribute.edit_attributes` works on any entity, not just rooted products — useful for geometry entities, placements, task times, etc.:

```
ifc_edit("attribute.edit_attributes", '{"product": "<id>", "attributes": "{\"Depth\": 3.0}"}')
```

Note the nested JSON: `params` is a JSON string and `attributes` within it is also a JSON string.

### Resizing element geometry

`attribute.edit_attributes` on `IfcCartesianPointList2D.CoordList` fails with a type error (expects `AGGREGATE OF AGGREGATE OF DOUBLE`, gets `list`). To resize a slab/extrusion, remove and recreate the representation instead:

```
# 1. Unassign and remove old representation
ifc_edit("geometry.unassign_representation", '{"product": "<element_id>", "representation": "<rep_id>"}')
ifc_edit("geometry.remove_representation", '{"representation": "<rep_id>"}')

# 2. Create new representation with correct dimensions
ifc_edit("geometry.add_slab_representation", '{"context": "11", "depth": 0.8, "polyline": "[[0,0],[0.6,0],[0.6,0.5],[0,0.5]]"}')

# 3. Assign new representation
ifc_edit("geometry.assign_representation", '{"product": "<element_id>", "representation": "<new_rep_id>"}')
```

Note: the `polyline` parameter must be passed as a **JSON string** (not a bare array).

### Tracing geometry chains

Walk entity references to find extrusion depths, clipping planes, etc.:

```
ifc_info(<wall_id>)                    # → Representation → IfcProductDefinitionShape id
ifc_info(<pds_id>)                     # → Representations → IfcShapeRepresentation id (Body)
ifc_info(<body_rep_id>)                # → Items → IfcExtrudedAreaSolid or IfcBooleanClippingResult
```

Batch parallel `ifc_info` calls to speed up traversal across many elements.

---

## Quantity Take-Off (QTO)

Run `ifc_quantify` to compute quantities. Results are written as `IfcElementQuantity` property sets on each element.

```
ifc_quantify("IFC4QtoBaseQuantities")              # IFC4 models
ifc_quantify("IFC4X3QtoBaseQuantities")            # IFC4x3 models
ifc_quantify("IFC4QtoBaseQuantities", "IfcWall")   # restrict to element type
ifc_save()                                          # persist to disk
```

**Weight availability by element type (IFC4QtoBaseQuantities):**

| Element | Weight? |
|---|---|
| IfcWall, IfcSlab, IfcFooting, IfcBeam, IfcColumn | ✓ GrossWeight, NetWeight |
| IfcWindow, IfcDoor | ✗ Area/dimensions only |
| IfcRoof | ✗ GrossArea only |
| IfcCovering | ✗ GrossArea/Width only |
| IfcPipeSegment | ✗ Length only |

Weight is computed only for structural/volumetric elements with known material density.

---

## Construction Scheduling

### Schedule structure

```
IfcWorkPlan
  └─ IfcWorkSchedule
       ├─ IfcTask "P1: Foundations"  (summary)
       │    ├─ IfcTask "P1.1: Install Ground Beams"  (leaf, has IfcTaskTime)
       │    └─ IfcTask "P1.2: Pour Floor Slab"       (leaf, has IfcTaskTime)
       ├─ IfcTask "P2: Structure"    (summary, has IfcTaskTime)
       │    └─ IfcTask "P2.1: Erect Walls"           (leaf, has IfcTaskTime)
       └─ ...
```

Physical elements are linked to tasks via `IfcRelAssignsToProcess`. Task ordering is via `IfcRelSequence` (FINISH_START, START_START, etc.).

### Creating a schedule (MCP recipe)

```
# Work plan and schedule
ifc_edit("sequence.add_work_plan", '{"name": "Construction Plan", "predefined_type": "ACTUAL"}')
ifc_edit("sequence.add_work_schedule", '{"name": "Construction Schedule", "predefined_type": "PLANNED", "work_plan": "<plan_id>"}')

# Phase (summary) tasks
ifc_edit("sequence.add_task", '{"work_schedule": "<sched_id>", "name": "Foundations", "identification": "P1", "predefined_type": "CONSTRUCTION"}')

# Leaf tasks
ifc_edit("sequence.add_task", '{"parent_task": "<phase_id>", "name": "Install Ground Beams", "identification": "P1.1", "predefined_type": "CONSTRUCTION"}')

# Assign physical elements to tasks
ifc_edit("sequence.assign_process", '{"relating_process": "<task_id>", "related_object": "<element_id>"}')

# Sequence relationships between phases/tasks
ifc_edit("sequence.assign_sequence", '{"relating_process": "<pred_id>", "related_process": "<succ_id>", "sequence_type": "FINISH_START"}')

# Add IfcTaskTime to ALL tasks (leaf AND summary — required for cascade to propagate)
ifc_edit("sequence.add_task_time", '{"task": "<task_id>"}')   # → returns IfcTaskTime id

# Set durations and start dates (use attribute.edit_attributes — see bug note below)
ifc_edit("attribute.edit_attributes", '{"product": "<task_time_id>", "attributes": "{\"ScheduleStart\": \"2026-03-02T09:00:00\", \"ScheduleDuration\": \"P5D\"}"}')

# Cascade dates forward through sequence relationships
ifc_edit("sequence.cascade_schedule", '{"task": "<first_task_id>"}')

# Verify
ifc_schedule()
```

### Work calendar (Mon–Fri)

```
ifc_edit("sequence.add_work_calendar", '{"name": "Mon-Fri Work Week"}')
ifc_edit("sequence.add_work_time", '{"work_calendar": "<cal_id>", "time_type": "WorkingTimes"}')
ifc_edit("sequence.assign_recurrence_pattern", '{"parent": "<work_time_id>", "recurrence_type": "WEEKLY"}')
ifc_edit("sequence.edit_recurrence_pattern", '{"recurrence_pattern": "<pat_id>", "attributes": "{\"WeekdayComponent\": [1,2,3,4,5]}"}')
```

`WeekdayComponent` uses integers 1–7 where 1=Monday, 7=Sunday.

### cascade_schedule limitations

- Every task in the chain (summary AND leaf) must have an `IfcTaskTime` — tasks without one have null start/finish and block propagation to successors
- Cascade propagates through `IfcRelSequence` relationships only, not into subtasks of a summary task. After cascade sets a summary task's start, its leaf subtasks must have their starts set manually (or connected via additional leaf-to-leaf sequences)
- Summary task finish = start + duration; without a duration, finish equals start, propagating wrong dates to successors
- `cascade_schedule` does **not** automatically respect a work calendar; weekend-skipping must be applied manually when setting task dates

### Known bug: `sequence.edit_task_time` silently fails for datetime fields

`sequence.edit_task_time` returns `{"ok": true}` but does **not** persist `ScheduleStart` or `ScheduleFinish` changes. Use `attribute.edit_attributes` on the `IfcTaskTime` entity instead:

```python
# WRONG — silently does nothing for datetime fields:
ifc_edit("sequence.edit_task_time", '{"task_time": "123", "attributes": "{\"ScheduleStart\": \"2026-03-09T09:00:00\"}"}')

# CORRECT:
ifc_edit("attribute.edit_attributes", '{"product": "123", "attributes": "{\"ScheduleStart\": \"2026-03-09T09:00:00\"}"}')
```

`sequence.edit_task_time` works correctly for `ScheduleDuration` — only datetime fields are affected.

---

## Bill of Quantities (BoQ)

### Concepts

IFC separates **quantities** (how much) from **pricing** (how much it costs). They are independent layers:

- **Quantities** live on elements as `IfcElementQuantity` property sets (written by `ifc_quantify`). These must exist before building a cost schedule.
- **Pricing** lives in a separate `IfcCostSchedule` → `IfcCostItem` tree. Unit rates are stored on `IfcCostValue` entities attached to cost items, not on elements.
- At BoQ generation time, a tool multiplies `unit rate × quantity` to compute line-item totals.
- The same element can appear in multiple cost schedules with different rates; rates can be updated without touching geometry.

### Cost schedule structure

```
IfcCostSchedule  "Bill of Quantities"  (predefined_type: COSTPLAN or PRICEDBILLOFQUANTITIES)
  └─ IfcCostItem  "A - Substructure"   (section/summary — has IfcCostValue with Category="*")
       ├─ IfcCostItem  "A.1 - Ground Beams"  (leaf — has IfcCostValue with unit rate)
       │    linked to IfcFooting elements via IfcRelAssignsToControl
       └─ IfcCostItem  "A.2 - Floor Slab"
            linked to IfcSlab elements via IfcRelAssignsToControl
```

Elements are linked to cost items via `assign_cost_item_quantity`, which also creates the `IfcRelAssignsToControl` relationship automatically.

### Quantity names by element type

| Element | Useful quantity names |
|---|---|
| IfcWall, IfcSlab, IfcFooting | `NetVolume`, `GrossVolume` |
| IfcWindow, IfcDoor | `Area` |
| IfcRoof, IfcCovering | `GrossArea`, `NetArea` |
| IfcPipeSegment | `Length` |

### MCP recipe — creating a BoQ from scratch

```
# 1. Ensure quantities are computed first
ifc_quantify("IFC4QtoBaseQuantities")

# 2. Create the cost schedule
ifc_edit("cost.add_cost_schedule", '{"name": "Bill of Quantities", "predefined_type": "COSTPLAN"}')
# → returns IfcCostSchedule id (e.g. 100)

# 3. Create section (summary) items at top level
ifc_edit("cost.add_cost_item", '{"cost_schedule": "100"}')
# → returns IfcCostItem id (e.g. 101)
ifc_edit("cost.edit_cost_item", '{"cost_item": "101", "attributes": "{\"Name\": \"Substructure\", \"Identification\": \"A\"}"}')

# 4. Create leaf items under a section
ifc_edit("cost.add_cost_item", '{"cost_item": "101"}')
# → returns id (e.g. 102)
ifc_edit("cost.edit_cost_item", '{"cost_item": "102", "attributes": "{\"Name\": \"Ground Beams\", \"Identification\": \"A.1\"}"}')

# 5. Link elements parametrically — quantities update automatically if geometry changes
ifc_edit("cost.assign_cost_item_quantity", '{"cost_item": "102", "products": "10,11,12,13", "prop_name": "NetVolume"}')

# 6. Add a unit rate to the leaf item
ifc_edit("cost.add_cost_value", '{"parent": "102"}')
# → returns IfcCostValue id (e.g. 200)
ifc_edit("cost.edit_cost_value", '{"cost_value": "200", "attributes": "{\"AppliedValue\": 350.0}"}')

# 7. Add a sum value to section items (Category="*" marks it as a subtotal)
#    This is required for PDF export — compute total = sum(quantity × rate) for each section
ifc_edit("cost.add_cost_value", '{"parent": "101"}')
# → returns id (e.g. 201)
ifc_edit("cost.edit_cost_value", '{"cost_value": "201", "attributes": "{\"Category\": \"*\", \"AppliedValue\": 2500.0}"}')

# 8. Verify and save
ifc_cost()
ifc_validate()
ifc_save()
```

### Key API notes

- `cost.add_cost_item` accepts no `name` parameter — set name afterwards with `cost.edit_cost_item`
- `cost.edit_cost_item` and `cost.edit_cost_value` require `attributes` as a **JSON string** (not a dict):
  ```
  '{"attributes": "{\"Name\": \"Ground Beams\"}"}'   # correct — double-encoded
  '{"attributes": {"Name": "Ground Beams"}}'          # WRONG — will error
  ```
- `assign_cost_item_quantity` with `prop_name=""` counts elements instead of summing a named quantity
- `AppliedValue` accepts a plain float (stored as `IfcMonetaryMeasure`)

### Section items MUST have Category="*" cost values

Section/summary items with no quantities and no `Category="*"` cost value have `ItemIsASum=False` in the export. This causes the PDF exporter to try parsing their empty `Quantity` field as a float and crash. Every section item must have an `IfcCostValue` with `Category="*"` and `AppliedValue` set to the pre-computed section total.

### Exporting to PDF

The `ifc5d` PDF writer produces the best-looking output. The format flag requires **uppercase**:

```bash
# PDF — invoke directly (not wired into the CLI format switch)
python3 -c "
import ifcopenshell
from ifc5d.ifc5Dspreadsheet import Ifc5DPdfWriter
f = ifcopenshell.open('model.ifc')
cs = next(iter(f.by_type('IfcCostSchedule')))
Ifc5DPdfWriter(file=f, output='boq.pdf', options={}, cost_schedule=cs,
               force_schedule_type='PRICEDBILLOFQUANTITIES').write()
"

# XLSX (via CLI — uppercase format required)
python3 -m ifc5d.ifc5Dspreadsheet -f XLSX model.ifc ./output_dir/

# CSV
python3 -m ifc5d.ifc5Dspreadsheet -f CSV model.ifc ./output_dir/
```

**Requires `typst` for PDF:** `pip install typst`

**Known ifc5d limitations:**
- The `-f` flag is case-sensitive: `XLSX`, `CSV`, `ODS` (lowercase silently fails with `NameError: writer`)
- PDF is not in the CLI format switch — must be called directly from Python (see above)
- XLSX/CSV `TotalPrice` column is always 0 for unit-rate items; totals are only computed as spreadsheet formulas in the ODS writer (which has a column-name bug), and at render time in the typst PDF template
- The typst PDF template computes `Total = Quantity × RateSubtotal` for leaf items; for section items it reads `TotalPrice` from the `Category="*"` cost value

---

## Validation and CI/CD

### Manual validation

```
ifc_validate()                         # schema validation (fast)
ifc_validate(express_rules=True)       # full EXPRESS rules (slower, more thorough)
```

Or via CLI:
```bash
python3 -m ifcquery <file> validate
python3 -m ifcquery <file> validate --rules
```

### IDS validation

IDS (Information Delivery Specification) files define requirements that models must satisfy — required property sets, classification codes, material assignments, etc. Validate with `ifctester`:

```bash
python3 -m ifctester <ids_file> <ifc_file>
```

IDS checks are typically run in CI on every commit or pull request.

**Reading ifctester output:**
- `[PASS] (0/0)` — no elements matched the applicability filter; check trivially passes (`minOccurs="0"`)
- `[PASS] (5/5)` — 5 elements matched and all 5 passed the requirement
- `[FAIL] (0/5)` — 5 elements matched but none passed; the failure lines list each failing element

**IDS structure:** each specification has two parts:
- `<applicability>` — filter selecting which elements the check applies to (AND logic across multiple facets)
- `<requirements>` — what those elements must have (property name, value, pset name)

**Fixing IDS failures — workflow:**

1. Read the IDS file to understand exactly what property name, pset name, and value are required
2. Use `ifc_info(<element_id>)` to inspect the failing element's current property sets
3. Note whether multiple elements share the same `IfcPropertySet` entity (same `id`) — editing it once fixes all of them
4. Use `pset.edit_pset` to add missing properties:

```
ifc_edit("pset.edit_pset", '{"pset": "<pset_id>", "properties": "{\"FireRating\": \"30\"}", "should_purge": "false"}')
```

Use `should_purge: false` to add/update properties without removing existing ones.

**Critical: IDS property names are exact string matches.** A property named `Thermal Transmitance` (space, single-t) is entirely different from the IFC standard `ThermalTransmittance`. Always copy property names character-for-character from the IDS `<baseName>` element — do not assume they match standard IFC pset property names.

**Shared psets:** in IFC, multiple elements (instances and their type) often share the same `IfcPropertySet` entity via `IfcRelDefinesByProperties`. Check the `"id"` field in `ifc_info` property set output — if 4 walls and a WallType all show the same pset id, one `pset.edit_pset` call fixes all of them simultaneously.

**Known ifctester quirk with boolean applicability filters:** ifctester may flag elements even when their boolean property value does not match the applicability filter (e.g., an `IsExternal=True` wall being matched by an `IsExternal=False` filter). Treat the reported failing elements as authoritative — add whatever the requirement asks for, regardless of whether the applicability logic seems correct.

**`<simpleValue>?</simpleValue>` is NOT a wildcard in ifctester — it matches the literal string `"?"`.**
To check that an attribute has any non-empty value, use an `xs:restriction` pattern instead:

```xml
<!-- WRONG — matches only the literal string "?" -->
<attribute>
  <name><simpleValue>Name</simpleValue></name>
  <value><simpleValue>?</simpleValue></value>
</attribute>

<!-- CORRECT — matches any non-empty string -->
<attribute>
  <name><simpleValue>Name</simpleValue></name>
  <value>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value=".+"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </value>
</attribute>
```

This applies to `<attribute>` requirements. The `xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"` namespace must be declared on the root `<ids>` element (it is in the standard IDS template).

### ifcopenshell.validate

Lower-level programmatic validation:

```bash
python3 -c "import ifcopenshell; import ifcopenshell.validate; f = ifcopenshell.open('<file>'); ifcopenshell.validate.validate(f)"
```

---

## Bonsai Asset Libraries

Bonsai ships IFC4 asset libraries at:
```
/usr/lib/python3.14/site-packages/bonsai/bim/data/libraries/
```

Key libraries:
- `IFC4 Furniture Library.ifc` — 150 `IfcFurnitureType` entries (beds, chairs, sofas, tables, desks, kitchen units, etc.)
- `IFC4 Landscape Library.ifc` — 66 `IfcGeographicElementType` entries (Apple, Round Tree, Conical Tree Small (5m), Shrub, etc.)
- `IFC4 Entourage Library.ifc` — `IfcBuildingElementProxyType` people figures

### Appending a library type

Use `ifc_edit("project.append_asset", ...)` via MCP if available. At the time of writing, the MCP coercion layer had no handler for `ifcopenshell.file`-typed parameters, so the `library` argument could not be passed through `ifc_edit` — this may have since been fixed in ifcedit/ifcmcp. If MCP does not work, fall back to Python:

```python
import ifcopenshell, ifcopenshell.api.project, ifcopenshell.api.type

LIB = '/usr/lib/python3.14/site-packages/bonsai/bim/data/libraries/IFC4 Landscape Library.ifc'
f   = ifcopenshell.open('model.ifc')
lib = ifcopenshell.open(LIB)

# Find the type in the library
apple_type_in_lib = next(t for t in lib.by_type('IfcGeographicElementType') if t.Name == 'Apple')

# Copy into the model — returns the new type entity in f
apple = ifcopenshell.api.project.append_asset(f, library=lib, element=apple_type_in_lib)

# Assign to an occurrence
tree = f.by_id(<tree_element_id>)
ifcopenshell.api.type.assign_type(f, related_objects=[tree], relating_type=apple)

f.write('model.ifc')
```

`append_asset` copies all dependent geometry, materials, and styles. The occurrence keeps its own name, placement, and properties while getting the type's geometry.

---

## Git Workflow

IFC files use STEP Physical File format — plain text, one entity per line — which is natively git-friendly. Commits, diffs, rollbacks, and blame all work as expected.

**However, IFC branches do not merge correctly with standard git** because STEP IDs are file-scoped integers that conflict across branches. Use `ifcmerge` as the merge driver:

### Configuring ifcmerge

`.gitattributes` is already committed to this repo with `*.ifc merge=ifcmerge`.

Add the driver to `.git/config` or `~/.gitconfig`:
```
[merge "ifcmerge"]
    name = IFC merge driver
    driver = /home/bruno/src/ifcmerge/ifcmerge %O %A %B %P
```

### ifcmerge behaviour

- By default ifcmerge **prefers the `$REMOTE` branch** and rewrites step IDs in `$LOCAL` to avoid conflicts. This is the correct behaviour when merging from `main`/`origin` into your local branch (i.e. a `git pull` or `git merge main`).
- When merging a **feature branch into main** (i.e. you want `$LOCAL`=main to be the authoritative base), reverse the driver arguments so that main's step IDs are preserved:
  ```
  driver = ifcmerge %O %B %A %P
  ```
  The easiest approach is to merge in the other direction (merge main into the feature branch first to resolve conflicts there, then fast-forward main), which keeps the default driver order correct.

### Typical branch workflow

- `main` — validated, CI-passing models only
- Feature branches for each change (new elements, schedule additions, geometry edits, etc.)
- Open a pull request → CI runs `ifc_validate` and IDS checks → merge via ifcmerge on approval
- Tag releases for milestone model snapshots

---

## Tips

- **Always validate before saving** — run `ifc_validate()` after edits and before `ifc_save()`
- **`ifc_info` on non-product entities** — works on any step ID including geometry, task times, placements; useful for tracing chains
- **Batch parallel tool calls** — independent `ifc_info` and `ifc_edit` calls can be issued in parallel for speed
- **`ifc_edit` does not auto-save** — always call `ifc_save()` explicitly when done with a set of edits
- **ISO 8601 durations** — task durations use `P5D` (5 days), `P1W` (1 week), `PT8H` (8 hours)
- **Step IDs are file-specific** — never hard-code step IDs; always query first with `ifc_select`, `ifc_tree`, or `ifc_info`
- **Space boundaries** — when adding, moving, or deleting windows and doors, check for `IfcRelSpaceBoundary` relationships that may also need updating